New Testing for Equine Juvenile Spinocerebellar Ataxia (EJSCA) Now Available at UC Davis

What is it and why is it important?

Equine Juvenile Spinocerebellar Ataxia (EJSCA) is a genetic disorder affecting young horses, leading to severe neurological dysfunction. In a groundbreaking development, researchers at the University of California, Davis, have discovered the genetic basis of EJSCA and now offer a testing service to help breeders and owners identify carriers of this condition. This advancement marks a significant step forward in equine health and breeding management.

Understanding EJSCA

EJSCA is a hereditary condition that manifests in foals, typically between between 1 and 4 weeks of age. Affected horses display a range of neurological symptoms, including:

• Ataxia: Foals would turn the hind limbs to one side, with the front limbs planted on the ground, causing them to appear to walk sideways
• Bloodwork: Glucose and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) concentrations were commonly elevated in blood tests
• Progression: Affected foals were unable to stand without assistance and had to be euthanized

These symptoms progressively worsen, severely impacting the horse’s quality of life and ability to perform basic functions. Unfortunately, there is no cure for EJSCA, making early identification and prevention critical.

The Genetic Discovery at UC Davis

Researchers at UC Davis, renowned for their contributions to veterinary genetics, have identified the specific genetic mutation responsible for EJSCA. This discovery has enabled the development of a reliable genetic test that can detect carriers of the mutation.

Benefits of EJSCA Testing

1. Informed Breeding Decisions: By identifying carriers of the EJSCA mutation, breeders can make informed decisions to avoid pairing two carriers, thereby reducing the risk of producing affected foals..
2. Improved Genetic Health: Routine testing can help improve the overall genetic health of horse populations by reducing the prevalence of EJSCA and other hereditary conditions.

How to Access the EJSCA Test

The EJSCA genetic test is now available through the Veterinary Genetics Laboratory (VGL) at UC Davis. To access the test:

1. Visit the VGL Website: Detailed information on the test and how to submit samples can be found on the VGL website.
2. Collect Samples: Follow the guidelines for collecting and submitting a DNA sample from your horse.
3. Submit the Samples: Send the samples to VGL for analysis.
4. Receive Results: Results will be provided, indicating whether the horse is clear, a carrier, or affected by the EJSCA mutation.

Conclusion

The availability of genetic testing for EJSCA at UC Davis represents a significant advancement in equine health. By utilizing this test, breeders and horse owners can take proactive steps to manage and reduce the incidence of this debilitating condition. This breakthrough underscores the importance of ongoing research and innovation in veterinary genetics, ultimately contributing to healthier and more sustainable horse populations.

For more information on EJSCA and to access the genetic test, visit the UC Davis Veterinary Genetics Laboratory website here.

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By staying informed and utilizing advanced genetic testing, the equine community can make strides toward a future with fewer genetic disorders and healthier horses.